银行招聘

Passage 1

While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,”

according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.

Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.

Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes, “it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”

Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”

Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”

Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.

1. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?

A. Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.

B. Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.

C. Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.

D. Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.

2. Dr. Yehuda’s research suggests that women .

A. need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress

B. have limited capacity for tolerating stress

C. are more capable of avoiding stress

D. are exposed to more stress

3. According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be .

A. domestic and temporary B. irregular and violent

C. durable and frequent D. trivial and random

4. The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.” (Line 6, Para. 5) shows that .

A. Alvarez cared about nothing but making money

B. Alvarez’s salary barely covered her household expenses

C. Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs

D. Alvarez paid practically everything by check

5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Strain of Stress: No Way Out?

B. Responses to Stress: Gender Difference

C. Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say

D. Gender Inequality: Women under Stress

Passage 1

1. 【答案】A。解析：细节题。根据题干，定位到文章前两段。通过对原文的了解可知，文章前两段主要讲述在相同压力下，因为男女生理状况的差异，女性更容易产生焦虑和抑郁的症状，故选 A。B 项和 C 项不符合文意，B 项说男性造成了女性的压力， 和本段没有关系。C 项所说的女性相比男性更有处理压力的经验，在原文也没有体现。D 选项只是单纯描述男女之间在面对压力的差异，与中心偏离。

2. 【答案】D。解析：推断题。Dr. Yehuda 的研究中指出，女性其实忍受压力的能力并不差，只是现在女性面对的压力比男性要多得多，所以女性才更容易患上焦虑症或者抑郁症。A 项意思错误，文章含义是指女性的雌性激素导致了女性更多的焦虑。文中第三段第三行所提的女性容忍压力的能力或许比男性要更好，所以 B 项也是错误的。C 项没有根据，因为作者根本没提到女性会去逃避压力，所以 D 为正确答案。

3. 【答案】C。解析：推断题。第四段中指出，男性面临的压力更像在战争中，是 偶然性的动态的压力，而女性的压力则多来自家庭，是经常性的。C 选项中的“持久的和频繁的”符合文意，故选 C。A 项意思是“家庭内部的，暂时性的”，B 项是“不规则的，暴力性的”，D 项是“琐碎的，偶然的”。

4. 【答案】B。解析：语义理解题。句子意思是指“我活在不停的支付支票的生活中”。从文中我们可以看出，Alvarez 因为是一个单身母亲，所以面临很大的生存压力， 她要自己付房租，支付用车花销，偿还贷款等。所以她的薪水应该是很难满足生活开销的，只有 B 项符合文意。A 项说 Alvarez 只关心钱，是错误的。原文没有说 Alvarez 有很多工作，C 项错误。D 项属于误读，本句话不是强调她日常的支付方式的。

5. 【答案】D。解析：主旨题。本文主要讲的是因为性别上的差异，女性在压力面 前的主要表现。A 项太宽泛，仅仅谈到压力，没有抓住性别之差的这个主题。本文讲到激素问题只是女性压力的一个方面，C 项是以偏概全。B 项只是单纯指出了男女在压力面前的差异，但没有注意文章中侧重女性压力前表现的文意，而“women”才是本文的 关键词。